Species Specifics: Red-bellied Woodpecker
The Red-bellied Woodpecker, so named because
of the pinkish-red blush on its lower belly feathers, is the most
abundant woodpecker in eastern forests. The species population
is holding steady or increasing and its range has expanded to
the northeast and west during the past few decades. This expansion
is due in part to the Red-bellies generalized diet: they
prefer vegetable matter (nuts, seeds, berries) over protein matter
(insects) and they are regular visitors at the ever-growing number
of backyard birdfeeding stations.
The 9" Red-bellied Woodpecker has a black and white striped
back; its sides and belly are gray or beige. The female has a
red nape; the red on the male extends from the nape over the crown
and onto the forehead.
Red-bellies will visit your birdfeeder for seeds, suet and peanuts.
The majority of their diet, about 75%, is made up of plant material
but they have been observed eating small reptiles, mammals, smaller
birds eggs, and nestlings. In the warmer months, Red-bellies
use their barbed tongue, which extends about an inch beyond the
end of their beak, to extract insects from tree bark crevices.
Male Red-bellied Woodpeckers drum on dead tree limbs to attract
a mate. Both sexes vocalize as the female joins the male in tapping
behavior. Shell continue tapping as he begins to chisel
out a nest hole; if she approves of the location, shell
join him in excavating the site. The nursery, with an entry tunnel
and foot deep basin, will take them about a week to complete.
One brood of 3-4 white eggs will be incubated by both sexes: the
female incubates during the day; the male during the night. In
about 12 days the eggs hatch; 25 days later the young Red-bellies
leave the nest. For 2 weeks to 40 days the fledglings remain in
the woods and are fed by their parents while perfecting their
flying and perching abilities. Next year, the young woodpeckers
will have the skills necessary to raise families of their own.